Examples Of Character Development In The Epic Of Gilgamesh

Characters that are in stories or poems, usually the protagonist or even the antagonist, show some kind of change and characteristics throughout a story. This can include the rising or the falling of a character. You can see these changes during series of events going on in the poem; such as battles or Mofits. Character analysis shows us a timeline on where and how the character has evolved. An example of this is the ancient Mesopotamia epic poem â€Å" The Epic of Gilgamesh†. There is no known author for this work, however, it is often known as the earliest surviving great works of literature. It’s not called â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh† for nothing, Gilgamesh is shown in almost every part of the Poem. Him being the protagonist, really shows us,†¦show more content†¦This shows us that Gilgamesh felt powerless, and was scared about being shown that he was. In my opinion, I do not think that we were shown that the dream was only to predict something betwe en the two characters, Gilgamesh and Enkidu. But, I feel as if this dream also gave us a hint of how lonely Gilgamesh was. It talked about that the only thing Gilgamesh love was the throne, now because it was being threatened, he has crippling exaggerating of not being loved by others, also a sense of loneliness lingers inside him. However, this is the reason the authors put Enkidu into this story. It not only starts helping with Gilgamesh mental state by gaining a friend but his personality as well. Next, there are many parts in the poem that go hand-in-hand to make up event two. Gilgamesh as a whole realizes that he has to gain respect for himself to be known as a great king. We see this at the end of tablet I and the start of tablet II. In the second dream that Gilgamesh has, he lusts over the crown So much, that in fact go to mash is blind to his people. He foresees that if he does not change his ways then once he does no one will, in fact, remember him, let alone be known as, one of the greats. (Pg106) At first, Gilgamesh saw Enkidu as a threat to his throne, it was not long until Gilgamesh and Enkidu fought. Surprisingly, Gilgamesh lost this battle between Enkidu, Leaving Gilgamesh embarrassed and ashamed. Enkidu did put Gilgamesh into his place. In myShow MoreRelatedThe Heros Journey In The Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Matrix1291 Words   |  6 Pagesrecurring characters, actions, and situations. Even when pieces of literature that seem to have no connection to each other ar e examined, such as The Matrix directed by Lana and Lilly Wachowski, and The Epic of Gilgamesh by N.K. Sanders, the monomyth, the heros journey, and archetypes are efficient ways to help compare and match pieces of literature and publications; all while helping to reflect on current societys fears of power, technology, and fulfillment of life. In the Epic of Gilgamesh as wellRead MoreAthanasia: Human Impermanence and the Journey for Eternal Life in the Epic of Gilgamesh1740 Words   |  7 PagesAthanasia: Human Impermanence and the Journey for Eternal Life in the Epic of Gilgamesh â€Å"Will you too die as Enkidu did? Will grief become your food? Will we both fear the lonely hills, so vacant? I now race from place to place, dissatisfied with whereever I am and turn my step toward Utnapishtim, godchild of Ubaratutu† (Jackson â€Å"Gilgamesh Tablet IX† 4-9) Gilgamesh so much feared death that he threw away his honor as a warrior in order to obtain immortality. For centuries there have existed individualsRead More Lessons Learned From the Epic of Gilgamesh Essay1448 Words   |  6 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh, a Mesopotamian epic poem with no known author, is the story of the brute King of Uruk, Gilgamesh, who was two-thirds divine and one-third human, which teaches readers the unstoppable force of death, the wrath of the gods, and also the power of friendship, which are illustrated to readers through the characters journeys, and those encountered along the way. The poem, which is divided into twelve tablets, starts off with Gilgamesh being a vicious tyrant, one who â€Å"wouldRead MoreEpic of Gilgamesh Essay915 Words   |  4 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh is one of earliest known pieces of literature. Through years of storytelling and translation, The Epic of Gilgamesh became a timeless classic. This story is believed to have originated from Sumerian poems and legends about the king of Uruk, Gilgamesh. Throughout the epic, many t hemes arose about women, love, and journeys and the one I would like to discuss is the theme of death. Also, I will discuss if Gilgamesh accepts morality at the end of the story and the development ofRead MoreThe Heros Journey1704 Words   |  7 Pagesalmost every hero-quest goes through (no matter what culture the myth is a part of). He calls this common structure â€Å"the monomyth† (Hero’s Journey). The â€Å"hero’s journey† appears in drama, storytelling, myth, religious ritual, and psychological development. It describes the typical adventure of The Hero, who goes out and achieves great deeds on behalf of the family, group, tribe, or civilization. There are twelve steps, or stages, of the typical â€Å"Hero’s Journey†. The twelve steps are: The ordinaryRead MoreA Critical Appraisal of: Beowulf and Gilgamesh Essay examples1640 Words   |  7 PagesA Critical Appraisal of: Beowulf and Gilgamesh There are many differences and critical comparisons that can be drawn between the epics of Beowulf and Gilgamesh. Both are historical poems which shape their respected culture and both have major social, cultural, and political impacts on the development of western civilization literature and writing. Before any analysis is made, it is vital that some kind of a foundation be established so that a further, in-depth exploration of the complex natureRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1449 Words   |  6 Pagesbeginning in The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh is a bully king who frightens and annoys the people of Uruk. After the gathering with Enkidu and becoming his friend does Gilgamesh transform, into a hero worthy of history. The brotherly or â€Å"bromantic† ( considering the questionable relationship they have) love the two have for each other helps Gilgamesh become an better leader to his people by permitting him to better understand and identify with them. Even though the myth of Gilgamesh is very ancientRead MoreRole Of Civilization In The Epic Of Gilgamesh1194 Words   |  5 Pagescommunity, The Epic of Gilgamesh has challenged that idea and suggests that whether or not a Sumerian was civilized or not, determined their relationship with the environment and community. In The Epic of Gilgamesh, representation of the best and worst of humanity is presented through the characters, Enkidu and King Gilgamesh. From the beginning, Enkidu is portrayed as an uncivilized, wild man who is living harmoniously with the environment in which he resides, whereas King Gilgamesh is portrayed asRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh Essay1801 Words   |  8 PagesTonisia Tutt Professor Andre World Literature 1 October 11, 2015 The Epic of Gilgamesh does not quite have a happy end. Truthfully, Gilgamesh is not successful in his mission. It is shortsighted and deceived to expect that Gilgamesh, the saint, must be effective in his journey to hold the characteristics of courage. An unsuccessful journey not harsh any more than a courageous ending is essentially joyful. For recognitions of this, we need to look no more distant than the plenty of thoughtful legendsRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh, By Yusef Komunyakaa1808 Words   |  8 PagesThe epic of Gilgamesh is one of the oldest heroic epics . It plays a important role throughout the human history. Written between 2150-1400 BCE, the Babylonian Gilgamesh Epic is seen as the greatest legacy of the ancient Mesopotamian culture. It has been translated into hundreds of languages and spread all around the world. Thousands of versions and adaptations were made since we found the charm of this poetic work. In 2006, theatre producer Chad Gracia and poet Yusef Komunyak aa presented us with

Dow Rohm and Haas Free Essays

DOW chemical company The year 2009 was the most active an challenging year for Dow in its whole history. It was the turning point for the transformation to the† leading global specialty chemical and advanced materials Company†. On April 1 2009 DOW finally completed the acquisition of specialty chemicals maker Rohm and Haas after eight months â€Å"fight†. We will write a custom essay sample on Dow Rohm and Haas or any similar topic only for you Order Now On July 10 2008 DOW pronounced to pay $78 per share to buy Rohm and Haas (current stock price on 9 July, $44, 83) because they expected more than $7 billion in pretax process from the joint venture, K-DOW, with a state owned Kuwait company. Due to the global financial crisis, the decrease of the oil prices and the governmental rating for the deal as â€Å"too risky† the Kuwait Company withdraw their $17. 4 billion offer in December 2008. Dow was now unwilling to pay the $15. 3 billion for Rohm and Haas and consequently tried to delay the process. With this situation, the dilemma of DOW was perfect, a global economic meltdown and a promise which DOW was not able to finish because of a deal break. The whole economy changed after the pronouncement in July that the second largest chemical company would like to by Rohm and Haas. Stock prices of chemical companies increased immense and the shareholder of Rohm and Haas expect a large profit from their shares especially in the ongoing global downturn, pressing the stock values to the bare bone. Rohm and Haas forced DOW to finish the promised acquisition but DOW never got a specific plan how to handle this complex and significantly changed situation. Just an email from the chairman of DOW explained that it would be better to wait till June 2009 in order to finish the deal. After they heard that Dow invested in different other projects it was simply too much for Rohm and Haas, as they could not understand why other deals were made but the acquisition was still delayed, so they started a litigation to enforce the merger. Rohm and Haas and DOW conducted several meeting to find a way to resolve the situation, but without any success and to the great disappointment of Rohm and Haas as their expectations were not met at all. Analysts said: â€Å"It was a â€Å"CLASH OF TITANS†Ã¢â‚¬ . Finance Projects Clinical Research Case- DOW Chemical Company Silke Rahden In terms of the second half of 2008 and beginning of 2009 we notice a dramatically decrease of the DOW stock price. Well, it is in the middle of the financial crisis in the USA but the more important â€Å"deal† which caused the decline was the acquisition of Rohm and Haas, pronounced in July 2008 and finally finished in April 2009. During this time the stock prices slide into free fall/ drop to the pits from $32,52 (July 2008) to $8,81 (April 2009). The absolutely low point was on 30 March 2009 with $8. 30 per share. The main reason for the â€Å"death† point, in addition to the financial crisis, was the finish of the acquisition of Rohm and Haas after eight months up and downs. Income Statement: Finance Projects Clinical Research Case- DOW Chemical Company Silke Rahden References: http://finance. yahoo. com/q/is? s=DOW+Income+Statementannual http://phx. corporate-ir. net/phoenix. zhtml? c=80099p=irolstockcalculatort=Calccontrol_type=256control_ http://crisisexperts. blogspot. com/2009/02/dowrohm-and-haas-acquisition-crisis. html Finance Projects Clinical Research Case- DOW Chemical Company Silke Rahden How to cite Dow Rohm and Haas, Papers

Essay on Never Giving Up on a Dream Job Essay Example For Students

Essay on Never Giving Up on a Dream Job Essay Ever since I was a little girl my dream job was to be a fashion designer. Over the years, I lost that passion like a candle burning out. Soon after high school was over, I had no idea what I wanted to be or what to even pursue in life. I still decide to go to college rather than staying home doing nothing, might as well knock out a few general education classes. When a few family members came over we started to talk about a few careers choices that would fit some of my skill sets that I have obtain over the years of growing up and working with my parents. That is when it hit me, wasting two years and half later my new dream job was gazing at me straight in the eyes. My life had a new meaning all over again, with this new dream job that I was going to pursue as a Pharmacy Technician. Out of all the careers I talked over with my family members Pharmacy Technician was the one that stood out the most for its skill sets, the environment in the work field, payment and the continuing of education. I began doing a bit of research on Pharmacy Technician. Based on the information provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the important qualities to be in this field would be, â€Å"Customer-service skills, detail oriented, listening skills, math skills and organization skills.† Part of these skill sets fit so perfectly with my personality such as detail oriented, listening and organization skills. The other two skill sets, math and customer service will work best to my abilities. Since Pharmacy Technicians use a lot of math in this work field. I’m not afraid to take higher math if they need me to, the higher the better. Customer service will be the trickiest one of them all, since I’m the type of person to be alone most of the time. I never got. . that no longer have any use get dropped out. I have been encouraged to keep going to school even after I graduate Heald College in order to higher the degree in my degree as a Pharmacy Technician. Nobody should ever live without giving their dream job a chance even if it wasn’t your first choice. There is always one out there that is the perfect fit for each one of us; we just have to keep on looking and never giving up. I never gave up looking and here I’m at Heald College, my dream as a Pharmacy Technician has been growing more than ever before.Works CitedBecome a PTCB CPhT. Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Feb. 2014.Pharmacy Technician: Salary. Pharmacy Technician Salary Information. Ed. Stephanie Steinberg. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Feb. 2014.Summary. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, n.d. Web. 09 Feb. 2014.

Expectation states theory and gender

Overview of the expectation states theory In the society, people seek to accomplish tasks or goals that are set. They do these in different formations or hierarchies. Therefore, the Expectations States theory explores how states hierarchies emerge in different societal situations where actors are seeking to accomplish goals collectively.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Expectation states theory and gender specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The theory seeks to explain how different factors affect the accomplishment of goals by the actors. It also explains how the different states of the actors affect the expectations as they orient themselves towards the task which they are handling. Task orientation and collective orientation are the key foundations of the conditions on which the theory bases. Differences in performance among actors are derived from status characteristics, which are the social attributes o f individuals who are performing the task. Among the most notable status characteristic, is gender. Different characteristics are likened either male or female. Status features can be either diffuse or specific. Diffuse status characteristics bear generalized expectations, which are integrated on the expectations for any level of competence in a specific task. Certain status characteristics bear cultural expectations for specified competences; competencies assigned to the performance of specific tasks (Delamater, 2006). A lot of social psychology experiments have been performed which have subjected the expectations states theory to empirical evaluations. Most of the empirical studies have been focusing on how the status characteristic especially gender plays out in group roles. Competences about the tasks to be performed in groups are affected by perceptions on gender (Delamater, 2006). Gender has been cited as one of the best examples of diffuse status characteristics. Cultural bel ieves on gender which is widely shared carry the expectations that men are more competent in doing most things.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are also widely shared assumptions; that men do perform better in certain tasks like mechanical work while women do better in other tasks for instance nurturing. All these status characteristics play out in different group roles which are assigned to groups bearing all the genders. Status beliefs results in stereotyping of groups. The behaviors of individuals in groups are affected by beliefs on status characteristics, which are transformed to performance expectations. This forms the basis of the status generalization theory which is one of the min sub-theories of the expectation states theory (Delamater, 2006). Gender differences impact on interpersonal behaviors in different ways. This has been explored in many social re searches. Many relatively ancient theories expounding on gender differences in performance of groups have been basing on theories related to sex roles. However, according to the research that was done differences in gender is not consistent in task groups as has been explained in different sex role approaches. The evaluation and the characters of actors of a similar gender often pay out differently when the actors are subjected to differing situations. The behavior of males as well as females ranges with the social circumstances facing them. The evaluation of both males and females are the same when they are both subjected to a similar situation. Males and females portray unilateral forms of behavior when they are exposed to similar social circumstances. Status characteristics theory is a fairly recent explanation of gender differences in different tasks and roles (Delamater, 2006). Gender in interpersonal task roles The argument behind the primary status characteristic is that eval uation and behavioral task differences have to be observed mostly when gender is considered a diffuse status feature. The supportive argument is that gender differences in performance expectations have to result to variations in behavioral profiles between men and women in mixed-sex groups. Behavior can be treated as being a function of performance expectations is impacted upon by the nature of the task that is being performed. This is because tasks are identified as either being masculine or feminine with only a few tasks being considered to be neutral; they can be performed by either gender (Wagner Berger, 1997).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Expectation states theory and gender specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Each gender has a task advantage when working on tasks that are deemed to fall under the. Therefore, the assumption is that the gender with the task advantage has to be seen as being more co mpetitive compared to the other gender. This means that the opposite of this is true where the gender that is working on a task deemed to belong to a different gender is disadvantaged. This brings about discouragement of different genders to perform certain tasks with competition only prevailing in the natural tasks. Many cultures still confer high status on the male gender when they are working that tasks that are considered to be natural (Wagner Berger, 1997). Gender wage gap and expectations in the labor industry Gender expectations also play out in the labor industry; job expectations. Gender wage gap in the labor industry can to a wide extent attributed to gender perceptions. Different genders make different choices, which affect their performance on the job. Different genders have different chores, which affect their expectations on work and off work. The expectations of workers can be a very significant determinant of gender gaps. There is a model which was developed basing on the Bayesian updating. For each gender in this model, the corresponding parent gives information that is basis upon which children make expectations. Therefore, the past differences in choices and preferences over cross gender occupations have an impact on the belief of the prevailing generation and may pose even more adverse effects. Even though, men and women may have similar preferences, their choice of careers often varies. In discharging work roles, the expectations of discrimination are eminent and will often have long-run impacts on the gender that feels discriminated against. Most often, women are on the receiving end when it comes to gender discrimination in labor with only few cases applying tom men (Filippin Ichino, 2005).Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, it is evident that the expectations of men and women at work are a force behind the performance in their work roles. More often than not, women have lower expectations on the performance or discharge of duties which is the reason why they come lower in performance ranks. Therefore, the status of female when it comes to jobs is mostly low because of they set their expectations lower. This is aggravated by other factors like gender discrimination further bringing down the status of the feminine gender. This is supportive of the empirical outcomes of the expectation status concept. The expectations of different genders over work begin when they are in the universities where men set high standards of work expectations than women. Therefore, men end up advancing more on jobs than women. This is not an obvious case as there are exceptions. A number of women are sensitized by the empirical outcomes of status expectations thence end up setting high expectations, which propel then to greater heights in the labor industry (Filippin Ichino, 2005). Gender, Hierarchy in Leadership Gender stereotypes have been, for a long time, argued to be a substantial barrier of excellence performance women in strategic leadership posts in the society. Gender expectations affect the ability and the urge of different gender groups in accessing or ascending to leadership. The rising of women into high leadership position in both the private and the public sectors has been raising questions over the long held outcome of status expectations theory. The 21st century has seen the number of women rising and assuming bigger leadership positions in different public positions. Women have been influenced socially by the resurgence in the number of feminine movement and activists. These have helped to position women by boosting their motivation and expectations and thence their status (Carli Eagly, 2001). Gender disparities are still playing an active role in social development patterns . There is a wide gap in the ration of men to women in leadership. The expectations of women are still ranked low by the society because of the low held opinion and expectations of them. The hierarchies in power are still favoring the men more than women. Women are classified as a weaker sex; a factor that enhances to inferiority attitude in them (Carli Eagly, 2001). Expectation states and influence networks Efforts have been made to link the attitude change theory, social influence network theory and the effect control theory to the status expectations theory. Both theories link up in one aspect, which are performance expectations. The interpersonal relations in task groups are affected by sentiments and attitudes of the gender groups. The attitudes of group members in the status expectations theory are not consensual. The expectations are shaped by pre-formed attitudes of the individual members in group tasks. The attitudes of men are often similar. The same case applies to the a ttitude of women. Even in situations where there is consensus in group tasks, men and women will have internal differing attitudes about the situation. The sentiments of different group members arise from interpersonal influences, which arise from the sentiments from the members of a task group. Gender plays an important role in the process (Friedkin Johnsen, 2003). Gender roles in social influence Research in social influence patterns has shown that men have more influence as compared to women. This influence of gender in social influence is nonetheless dependent on a number of moderating factors. Influent ability in social influence is impacted, by the way, in which women and men are influenced in social relations. The exerting of social influence has varying degrees depending on gender. Men are deemed to have more influence in social issues as they are more assertive. The composition of different genders in interactions helps in moderating gender differences in groups. The expec tation states theory posits that the effects of gender on interactions depend on gender salience as well as status characteristic. Women are often ranked low in status as well as expectations (Carli, 2001). Therefore in social interactions, men are usually graded higher in terms of resistance levels. The resistance of the male gender to the female influence is usually higher. This is because of the status of men in the society. Men are boosted by the expectations on them. All these accord power to men and help them in maintaining their status in the society. Gender is thus a strong status feature as explored in the expectations status theory. Task competence affects social influence ability of both men and women but in varying degrees (Carli, 2001). Gender stereotypes and social roles Gender stereotypes are also influenced by the emotional vulnerability of different gender groups. The societal culture has held the view that men are different from women. Women and men end up conformi ng to stereotypes that are gender born because of emotional vulnerability. Emotional vulnerability results in conformity to stereotypes because of normative expectations. This can easily be tested in relationships. The social role theory is more proactive in the explanation of conformity trends to gender stereotypes. Women and men behave in certain gender-typed ways. This is because the social roles that are performed by each of the gender group are linked to different expectations and calls for different skills. Because of the social roles that they play, women seem to be more emotional. Examples of these tasks include caring for children. In situations which do not involve the stereotyped roles, men and women are argued to behave in a similar manner. Women are more proactive in mentoring relationships as opposed to men because of the position they occupy in the discharge of most social roles (Vogel, Wester, Heesacker Madon, 2003). Gender, expressive traits and parenting expectati ons As individuals grow, they are continuously socialized into certain ways of behavior. This is done through parenting. When they reach the adulthood stage, there are expectations of them to be in a position to perform certain social roles. Therefore, expectations are nurtured from unusually early stages of growth of people. Both boys and girls react differently to the nurturance by their parents. Men and women have different gender traits. These traits have an effect on the parenting expectations of both young men and women. Options and decision channels that are exposed to the teenagers end up affecting their expectations. These may either solidify the expectations or they may disperse the expectations of orientation towards certain social roles and responsibilities. Women tend to view family roles as being central to them. Being a woman is likened to being a mother thereby the assumption of motherly roles begins this early. Gender traits and changes in the societal view affect t he expectations in the assumption of parenting roles. The roles of men and women are becoming more integrated and resulting in a shift in expectations on social roles of both genders (Yaremko Lawson, 2007). Gender evaluation in role groups Women and men evaluate themselves differently. Girls have been argued to evaluate themselves highly in minor groups as compared to their self-evaluation in large groups. Women tend to be less confident in large groups and will usually have low expectations when in such groups. Gender is likened to status and prestige and posited in the expectation status theory. Therefore, differences exist in the way women and men evaluate their power in the society. As a result of the effects of the status theory, it can easily be observed that men are more powerful when it comes to group roles as compared to their female counterparts (Martinot, Dà ©sert Redersdorff, 2008). Men often take with them the gender privileges which have been awarded to them by the society. This explains why they perform better even in the seemingly female dominated professions. Even in groups with a majority composition of female, men are more proactive in attaining the outcomes of the group. The status that has been accorded to men by the women has led to low self-rating of women by women themselves. Belonging to a minority class is likened to being put under a magnifying glass as in the glass ceiling concept. Members belonging to the minority status do not only judge themselves but are also judged by others. Women often emerge with a low status in majority work or task groups (Martinot, Dà ©sert Redersdorff, 2008). Gender communication and expectation states The tasks that are performed in the society are judged and evaluated differently depending on the gender of the actors. In leadership, women are usually evaluated on a lower scale. The scale depends on competence and the likeability. In the evaluation of gender roles, different cues are used and are i ntegrated with theory to bring out the results which help in bringing out the results. The results are further used in coining expectations of the actor. In work situations, women are given a favorable evaluation on promotion and hiring functions, but not on competence evaluation. The cognitive abilities in the lens differ between genders. Gender assumptions affect the rating of actors basing on their traits. It encourages stereotyping which in most cases distorts the gender status roles on certain tasks. It widens the status gap between men and women, which is sometimes too wide; which might not be the case. Constructive processes are more prevalent in gender perception, and they end up impacting on the expectation of genders when it comes to the discharge of roles (Koch, 2004). Men and women have different aspirations, which all affect the formulation of expectations on both groups. This is evident in the role congruency theory which is a sub-theory of the status expectations theo ry. According to the sub-theory, women have to be judged lower on aspects of likeability especially when a high visual dominance ratio is used. This is because women more often violate gender expectations. Competence ratings do not post significant differences in gender rates as it is appearing in the empirical analysis of the expectation status theory (Koch, 2004). Gender perceptions and status in technical disciplines Males and females are argued to originate from different sets of experiences. Therefore, gender is a formidable force in the expectations and perceptions of both male and female. This is supportive of the societal structures and orientation which socialize men and women in different ways. This ends up even affecting the choice of careers as has been seen in different learning institutions. The male and female students rate themselves differently when it comes to different technical courses. Males are rated higher in terms of attitudes on technical abilities and cours es like computer knowledge and proficiency. They even end up performing well in the technical subjects thereby upgrading their status and raising expectations. Women add to these expectations and status by depending on male students to help them out in these courses. However, this is not always this is not always the case as it has been found that other surrounding factors like exposure to technology affect the perceptions and expectations (Adibifar, 2007). References Adibifar, K. (2007) â€Å"Students’ perceptions of the use of technology: Does students’ gender make a difference in their perceptions of using technology in teaching?†. Electronic Journal of Sociology, Iss. 1, PP. 1-11. Carli, L. L. (2001) â€Å"Gender and Social Influence†. Journal of Social Issues, 57(4): 725-741. Carli, L. L Eagly, A. H. (2001) â€Å"Gender, hierarchy and Leadership: An Introduction†. Journal of Social Issues, 57(4): pp. 629-636. Delamater, J. (2006). Handbook of social psychology. Berlin: Springer. Filippin, A Ichino, A. (2005) â€Å"Gender wage gap in expectations and realizations†. Labor Economics, 12: pp. 125–145. Friedkin, N. E Johnsen, E. C. (2003) â€Å"Attitude change, affect control, and expectation states in the formation of influence networks†. Power and Status Advances in Group Processes, 20, 1–29. Koch, S. C. (2004). Constructing gender: A lens-model inspired gender communication approach. Sex Roles, 51(3-4), 171-186. Martinot, D., Dà ©sert, M Redersdorff, S. (2008) â€Å"When Girls Evaluate Themselves Better Than Boys in Minority Groups: Role of the Performance Context†. Current Research in Social Psychology, 13(20). Vogel, D. L., Wester, S. R., Heesacker, M Madon, S. (2003) â€Å"Confirming Gender Stereotypes: A Social Role Perspective†. Sex Roles, 48(11-12): pp. 519-528. Wagner, D. G. Berger, J. (1997) â€Å"Gender and Interpersonal Task Behaviors: Status Expectation Accountsà ¢â‚¬ . Sociological Perspectives, 40(1): pp. 1-32. This research paper on Expectation states theory and gender was written and submitted by user Sonia Frye to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Journal Artical Review essays

Journal Artical Review essays 1. Termination of an Established Needle-Exchange: A Study of Claims and Their Impact is an article written by Robert S. Broadhead, Yael Van Hulst, and Douglas D Heckathorn, appearing in Social Problems, published in 1999.The information in the is article was split into two parts, Part I: The Social Construction of a Public Health Hazard, deals with the claims making process which brought the needle-exchange process to its demise. Part II: The Impact of the Windham Needle Exchanges Closure, deals with the actual effects of the ended needle exchange , including the percentage of syringe reuse, syringe sharing, discarded syringes, stability and appeal of the Windham drug scene, availability of new syringes, and the new injection-related wish behaviors. 2. The research method used in this article was that of a survey research. The research was done before and after the Windham needle-exchange was extinguished. From March 1994 through February of 1997, 330 initial and 173 follow up wish assessment interviews were conducted of Windham IDUs. After Eleven months 111 Post- Closure initial interviews and 78 three month Post-Closure follow-up interviews. Also periodic surveys of public outdoors areas where syringes and other drug paraphernalia was recovered. The research was done to survey the changes among drug users with and without the needle exchange program. 3. The needle-exchange originally began as an underground project in 1990. Although the group had experience multiple arrests many of the attempts (majority of the attempts inflicted by the State District Attorney) to prosecute were dropped or dismissed. In 1992 Connecticut General Assembly passed legislation to support a needle-exchange and non-prescription sales of syringes to help combat the spread of HIV. In 1993 state wide assessments showed that fewer IDUs were obtaining syringes from street sources and that the sharing o...

Cybercrime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Cybercrime - Essay Example Data breaches can be combatted by propertizing data or by individual businesses informing consumers about their rights regarding the use of their data. Illegal downloads can be combatted by actions by the music artists themselves, as well as remedies that involve shutting down the sites that sponsor the downloads. Child pornography, in and of itself, is best combatted with legal means, such as criminal prosecution. However, the two types of pornography that are examined in this paper – extreme pornography between adults and child pornography that involves , characters - should be dealt with other means. The data breach section examines United States law, as does the section regarding illegal downloads. The pornography section involves UK law. Hence, the topics are examined with a multinational perspective, which is the best way to examine these topics, as these topics are global in nature. Cybercrime – Data Breaches One major example of cybercrime is the data breach, wh ich results in â€Å"the distribution of personal information 'beyond the bounds of...consent and expectations.'†1 These breaches may be the result of an unauthorized person accessing a company's database, or might be the result of an employee losing his or her laptop or other portable storage device. These are only some of the ways that breaches might result, and there are many more. 50% of the data breaches are committed by employees of the company that is breached.2 Breaches can lead to identity theft and fraud, such as when TJX Companies, Inc., the operator of TJ Maxx and Marshall stores in the United States, announced in January 2007 that it was the victim of a security breach, which exposed 94 million credit card records to outsiders, and these outsiders made fraudulent credit card purchases with this information about TJX customers.3 Since the cardholders had to pay for the fraudulent charges, not the individual customers, the banks who issued these cards filed suit ag ainst TJX an won a $41 million verdict ordering TJX to pay reimburse them for their losses.4 Moreover, since up to 400,000 of the TJX records included their customer's social security numbers and driver's license numbers, the thieves were able to steal identities as well.5 Stealing social security numbers is an infinitely more serious problem than accessing the individual's credit cards, as identity thieves are able to use the social security number to open up new accounts for which the individual is responsible, and gives the thief â€Å"virtual keys† to the victim's financial life,6 enabling the thief to â€Å"empty bank accounts, obtain credit cards, secure loans, open lines of credit, connect telephone services, and enroll in government benefits in the victim's name,†7 while merely stealing credit card information only leaves the individual with the inconvenience of having to close that particular account. Moreover, â€Å"[i]dentity thieves also commit crimes in t he victims names. A victim of criminal impersonation risks arrest and a criminal record for an identity thief's transgression†8 Breaches resulting in thefts of social security numbers are very expensive and time-consuming for the victims, as they spend an average of $1,000 in out of pocket expenses and 600 hours in personal time cleaning up the mess, and lose on average $16,791.9 The risks of social security numbers and other personal information falling into the wrong hands can also be deadly, as in the case

Market segmentation report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Market segmentation report - Assignment Example Basically, demography deals with issues such as age, gender, life style, family, level of income, race, religion, level of education, occupation as well as nationality among others Strydom 2. On the other hand, psychographic segmentation divides the market into different groups based on social class, lifestyle or personality characteristics Kotler 3. Organizations benefit from segmenting the market in many ways. The firm is able to target the market so that it can serve it best. The firm is also able to position the product so that it can be easily accessible to the targeted audiences. Thirdly, the firm can also be in a position to gain a competitive advantage by virtue of delivering valuable products to the customers. Income- Middle class people can afford to buy pizza in most cases and they are the targeted audiences by the marketers. These people enjoy hanging around with their peers especially in fast food restaurants. Occupation- the young working class people in most cases prefer to buy their food from exquisite fast food restaurants. The young working class people do not want to cook food at home so they just go to fast food restaurants. Personality- other people’s preference of food are shaped by their personalities. Some people view themselves with high self esteem and they want to maintain this status by visiting up market restaurants. This is a form of identity creation in the society. Source: